Get Newsletter
AlzRisk Paper Detail
Back

Reference: Ohara, 2011
Cohort: Hisayama Study
Risk Factor: Diabetes Mellitus


Average Follow-up Time Detail
The total follow-up time was for 15 years, from December 1988 to November 2003. The mean follow-up time was 10.8 years and the SD was 4.1 years.

Exposure Detail
For this analysis, the authors classified participants into one of four levels according to their 2-hour post-load glucose (2hG) level.

The four levels were: (i) 2hG <120 mg/dl,(ii) 2hG 121-139 mg/dl,(iii) 2hG 140-199 mg/dl, and (iv) 2hG > 200 mg/dl.

Diabetic status was ascertained using an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), performed after an at least 12 hour fast, and the glucose-oxidase method was used to determine plasma glucose levels.

Ethnicity Detail
All members of the Hisayama cohort are Japanese.

Screening and Diagnosis Detail
AD Diagnosis:
Autopsy
Brain Imaging
DSM IIIR Diagnostic and Statistical Manual III-Revised
NINCDS ADRDA National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Diseases and Stroke/Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association Criteria (McKhann 1984)

Total dementia definition: DSM-IIIR

"Subjects diagnosed with AD met the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders Association criteria 11...Possible or probable dementia subtypes were diagnosed with clinical information including neuroimaging. Definite dementia subtypes were also determined on the basis of clinical and neuropathologic information. The diagnostic procedure for autopsy cases was reported previously. 13 A neuropathologic diagnosis of AD was made following the National Institute on Aging–Reagan Institute criteria14, where the frequency of neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles was evaluated using the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease criteria15 and Braak stage.16...Every dementia case was adjudicated by expert psychiatrists."

Covariates & Analysis Detail
Analysis Type:
Cox proportional hazards regression

AD Covariates:
Aage
Eeducation
Ggender
ALCalcohol intake
BMIbody mass index
ECGelectrocardiogram abnormalities
HTNhypertension
PAphysical activity
SMsmoking status
SHstroke history
TCtotal cholesterol
WHRwaist to hip ratio

TD Covariates:
Aage
Eeducation
Ggender
ALCalcohol intake
BMIbody mass index
ECGelectrocardiogram abnormalities
HTNhypertension
PAphysical activity
SMsmoking status
SHstroke history
TCtotal cholesterol
WHRwaist to hip ratio