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AlzRisk Paper Detail
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Reference: Tyas, 2001
Cohort: Manitoba Study of Health and Aging
Risk Factor: Diabetes Mellitus


Average Follow-up Time Detail
Selected participants were initially screened for cognitive impairment in 1991 or 1992. Those who were considered free of cognitive impairment at baseline (3MS score of 78+) formed the incidence cohort and were reevaluated in 1996 or 1997. The average follow-up time was not reported.

Although 1355 participants were free of cognitive impairment at baseline in 1991/1992, only 694 were included in this analysis. The remainder were excluded due to missing risk factor information, unknown cognitive status or loss to follow-up.

Exposure Detail
History of diabetes was self-reported in 1991/92 on a mailed-in questionnaire, which asked "Have you suffered from any of the following health problems?", for a number of conditions one of which was diabetes. Participants had the option of responding "No", "Don't Know", or "Yes" for each of these conditions.

Ethnicity Detail
According to other descriptions of the cohort, participants were recruited from a stratified random sample of Manitoba, Canada residents ages 65 and older. No information on the ethnic background of participants has been provided.

Age Detail
Participants 75 years or older were oversampled during initial cohort formation in 1991/1992.

Screening and Diagnosis Detail
Screening Method:
3MSEModified Mini-Mental State Examination (Teng 1987)

AD Diagnosis:
NINCDS ADRDA National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Diseases and Stroke/Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association Criteria (McKhann 1984)

"Cognitive impairment was assessed using the Modified Mini-Mental State Exam (3MS).50 Individuals scoring less than 78 out of a possible 100 were considered to be potentially cognitively impaired and were invited to participate in a clinical assessment which included neuropsychological testing as appropriate. The diagnostic categories of probable and possible AD were assigned based on this clinical assessment according to National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke-Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association (NINCDS-ADRDA) criteria, 51 the standard clinical research protocol for diagnosis of AD."

Covariates & Analysis Detail
Analysis Type:
Logistic regression

AD Covariates:
Aage
Eeducation
Ggender